We can merge the original literal and figurative senses of profound by recognizing that to understand what is happening to humanity at the present time, we need to dive into the utmost depths of the Ocean of Consciousness; without drowning, of course!
From this sound foundation, Life gushes forth and we can bring universal order to the confusion the world is in today, connecting Latin fundāre ‘to establish’ and fundere ‘to pour’, roots of profundity and confusion, respectively.
The coherent Light of Consciousness then shows us the way Home to Wholeness with a holographic worldview, in contrast to diffuse light, cognate with confuse, with its scattering effects.
About 1300, ‘showing deep insight, characterized by depth of thought and knowledge, very learned’, from Old French profond ‘deep’, and directly from Latin profundus ‘deep, bottomless, vast’, from pro ‘forth’, from PIE base *per-¹ ‘forward’, and fundus ‘bottom, ground’, related to fundāre ‘to lay the foundation of, found, establish’, from PIE base *bhudh- ‘bottom, base’.
The literal and figurative senses of profound both were in Latin, but English, having already deep, has employed this word primarily in its figurative sense; however in the 1400s, it was used of deep lakes or wounds, as we see in profundity below. The sense of ‘deeply felt, intense’ is from about 1400. Deep has a PIE base *dheub- ‘deep, hollow’.
Profundity, as profundite, is probably from before 1425, meaning ‘bottom or depth of the ocean’, from Old French profundité, and directly from Late Latin profunditātem (nominative profunditās) ‘depth, intensity, immensity, vastness’, from Latin profundus, as above.
Note: Even though found ‘to establish’ and fund are cognates, found ‘to melt and mould (metal)’ and refund are not. These words derive from Latin fundere ‘to pour, scatter’, from PIE base *gheu- ‘to pour, pour a libation’, root of profuse, gush, diffuse, and confusion, for instance.